Home Affordability Calculator

Home affordability is determined by your income, existing debt, and down payment — calculated using the lender's 28/36 rule. Your housing costs (principal, interest, taxes, insurance) must stay below 28% of gross income, and all debts combined must stay below 36%. This calculator applies the same formula mortgage underwriters use to pre-approve buyers in 2026.

How Home Affordability Is Calculated

Mortgage lenders use two ratios — the front-end and back-end ratio — to determine your maximum qualifying home price. These are codified in Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae underwriting guidelines and used by virtually all conventional lenders.

Front-End (Housing) Ratio

PITI ÷ Gross Income ≤ 28%

Back-End (DTI) Ratio

(PITI + All Debts) ÷ Gross Income ≤ 36%

TermDefinition
PITIPrincipal + Interest + Property Taxes + Insurance (your total monthly housing cost)
DTIDebt-to-Income ratio — all monthly debt obligations divided by gross monthly income
PMIPrivate Mortgage Insurance — required when down payment is less than 20% of home value

Example: On $100,000/year income ($8,333/month), the 28% front-end limit is $2,333/month for all housing costs. After subtracting taxes, insurance, and HOA, the remaining amount covers principal and interest — which determines the maximum loan you qualify for via the standard amortization formula.

⚠️ Expert Pro-Tip

The maximum you qualify for is not the maximum you should spend. Lenders calculate what you can borrow, not what's financially optimal for your life. The conservative rule of thumb used by financial planners is to keep housing costs below 25% of take-home pay (not gross). Use this calculator's "conservative recommendation" (80% of max) as your actual shopping budget, and you'll have room for maintenance, emergencies, and wealth building.

Home Affordability Calculator

Your Financial Profile

Estimated Monthly Costs

Affordability Results

Maximum Home Price

$337,450

Based on the 28/36 lending rule

Conservative Recommendation

$269,960

20% buffer for financial stability

Monthly Payment Breakdown

Principal & Interest$1,845.88
Property Tax$337.45
Insurance + HOA$150.00
Total Housing Payment$2,333.33

Lender Qualification Ratios

Front-End Ratio

Housing ÷ Gross Income (max 28%)

28.0%

Back-End Ratio (DTI)

All Debts ÷ Gross Income (max 36–43%)

34.0%

Down Payment

⚠ PMI required below 20%

17.8%
Lender Note: Conventional loans typically allow up to 43% DTI; FHA loans up to 50%. This calculator uses the conservative 28/36 rule. Actual qualification depends on credit score, assets, and lender guidelines.