Rental Property Calculator

A rental property calculator analyzes investment property cash flow, cap rate, cash-on-cash return, and multi-year ROI. Enter purchase price, financing, rent, and expenses to see monthly cash flow, NOI, DSCR, and a {hold years}-year projection including appreciation and equity buildup.

Rental Property Math: Key Metrics Explained

Professional real estate investors use four core metrics to evaluate any rental property. This calculator computes all four simultaneously so you can assess a deal from every angle.

NOI = (Gross Rent − Vacancy) − Operating Expenses
Cap Rate = NOI / Purchase Price × 100
Cash-on-Cash = Annual Cash Flow / Total Cash Invested × 100
DSCR = NOI / Annual Debt Service

Benchmark Targets by Metric

MetricPoorAcceptableStrong
Cap Rate<3%3–5%>6%
Cash-on-Cash<0%4–7%>8%
DSCR<1.0x1.0–1.25x>1.25x
Gross Rent Mult.>20x12–20x<12x

Benchmarks for 2026 single-family and small multifamily residential rentals. Commercial real estate has different standards.

💡 Pro Tip: The 50% Rule

As a quick screen, assume 50% of gross rent goes to operating expenses (not including mortgage). Example: $2,400/mo rent → ~$1,200 in expenses → $1,200 left for debt service and cash flow. If your mortgage payment is $1,400, the property loses $200/mo. This back-of-envelope rule is rough but prevents over-optimistic projections. Most beginner investors input only property taxes and insurance (25–30% of rent) and miss maintenance, vacancy, CapEx, and management — which easily push expenses to 40–55% of gross rent for typical rentals.

Rental Property Cash Flow Calculator

Purchase & Financing

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$87,500
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Rental Income

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Annual Expenses

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Appreciation Assumptions

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Analysis

-$264.38/mo
Monthly Cash Flow
⚠ Negative cash flow — property costs more than it earns
5.23%
Cap Rate
-2.94%
Cash-on-Cash Return
0.85x
DSCR
12.2x
Gross Rent Multiplier
Annual P&L
Gross rent income$28,800
Vacancy loss (8%)$2,304
Operating expenses$8,180
NOI$18,316
Annual debt service$21,489
Annual cash flow-$3,173
Total cash invested$108,000

5-Year Projection

YrRent/moCash FlowEquityTot. Return
1$2,472.00-$2,623$100,541-$10,082
2$2,546.16-$2,057$114,087$1,407
3$2,622.54-$1,474$128,162$14,008
4$2,701.22-$874$142,791$27,763
5$2,782.26-$255$158,002$42,718

Rental Property FAQ

Is rental real estate still a good investment in 2026?

The math has tightened significantly since 2020–2021. With investment mortgage rates at 7–8% and home prices elevated, many properties in high-cost markets no longer cash flow on a leveraged basis. The value proposition has shifted: appreciation-focused markets (coastal cities) remain attractive for total return investors willing to accept short-term negative cash flow. Cash-flow markets (Midwest, Southeast) still offer positive returns if you buy below market or add value through renovation. The key adjustment in 2026: underwrite conservatively (8% vacancy, 50% expense ratio) and don't rely on rate assumptions below 7%.

Short-term rental (Airbnb) vs. long-term rental: which is better?

Short-term rentals can earn 2–3x long-term rents in the right markets but require more management (or 25–35% PM fees), higher turnover costs, and carry regulatory risk (cities banning STRs). They also have higher vacancy variance — a slow season or a regulatory change can collapse revenue overnight. Long-term rentals offer predictable cash flow, lower management intensity, and no seasonal risk. For most investors, especially those with a day job, long-term is lower risk. STRs make sense if you're active, the market is unregulated, and you can achieve 70%+ occupancy at premium rates.

How do I analyze a multi-family property vs. single-family?

Multi-family (2–4 units) provides economies of scale — one mortgage, multiple rent streams. Analysis is the same: enter the combined rent from all units. Vacancy risk is diversified (losing one of four tenants is less catastrophic than losing your only tenant). Financing differs slightly: 2–4 unit properties still qualify for residential loans with 15–25% down. 5+ units require commercial loans with different terms. For this calculator, enter total rent across all units in the "Monthly Rent" field and adjust expenses accordingly.